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Improved stove programmes and funders by J Ramakrishna

Boiling Point
Front cover of Boiling Point issue 25
Issue 25 (1991) Funding for Stove Programmes

ArticleImproved Stove Programmes & Funders
Authorby J Ramakrishna?

[top] [end]Preliminary Results of the EWC/FWD Global Survey of Improved Cookstove Programmes

The following is an extract from one of the papers presented at the WHO Geneva, June '91 meeting on smoke pollution. The final results of the EWC/FWD survey will be reported in a future edition of BP but this extract is included here because of its reference to funding.

A survey questionnaire was sent out to individuals and organizations implemeting improved cookstove programmes (ICPs) in September 1990. The impetus for this effort has 2 sources: the Foundation for Woodstove Dissemination (FOOD) wished to prepare a current and complete directory of improved cookstove programmes that would facilitate exchange of information within the world of improved cookstoves. The Environment and Policy Institute of the East-West Centre (EAPI-EWC) was starting a project that, among other outputs, was to produce a global review of ICPs.

The original questionnaire was sent to about 300 organizations. The 10-page questionnaire was translated into Spanish and French. The collaborators were Association Bois de Feu (ABF)and Centro Mesoamericano de Estudios Sobre Tecnologia Apropriada (CEMAT). The length and complexity of the original questionnaire were probably daunting to most recipients and few completed questionnaires were resumed. In order to boost the response rate, the questionnaire was pared down to 4 pages and sent out again in January of this year. The results presented here are an amalgamation of all responses received.

This preliminary analysis is biased toward the quantitative portion of the questionnaire. The open-ended questions are yet to be analysed.

Table 1: Types of Organizations Implementing ICPs (n = 76)

Non-governmental organizations 40%

Governmental agencies 29%

Research institutes & universities 13%

Semi-governmental agencies 5%

International agencies 5%

Consultancy firms 5%

Other 1%

It should be noted that of the 104 projects that resumed completed questionnaires, only 17 disseminated more than 1000 ICs per month. The large majority of programmes appear to be small in size with monthly dissemination rates ranging in the tens and hundreds. China and India were not included in the survey.

Table 2: Survey Results on the Funding of ICPs


Source of funding
% of projects receiving funds from this source(n=90) % of funding from this source


National government
32 66


State government
3 74


Foundations & charitable agencies
13 78


International aid agencies
49 89


Mixed sources, relative contributions unknown
24 84

Notes: the "Mixed" category includes combinations of the four categories listed above it. Out of a sample size of 70 projects, the average annual budget was US$88,796. Out of a sample size of 47 projects, the average total budget (to completion of the project) was US$ 361,215.

International funding sources varied widely from church groups and Band Aid to conventional aid agencies. The front-runner was GTZ, closely followed by UNDP, the World Bank and SIDA.

[top] [end]Contents: Boiling Point 25: Funding for stove programmes

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BP25: The ups and downs of stove funding - BP25: Ten steps to Heaven - BP25: Fuelwood a burning issue in Third World - BP25: Energy policies and the Greenhouse effect - BP25: World Bank - stoves programme funding - BP25: Improved stove programmes and funders - BP25: Stoves as Social Welfare support - BP25: Culture-Specific Illustrations - BP25: Cooking with electricity - BP25: Biomass Densification - BP25: Agricultural residues in farming systems - BP25: Consultation on indoor air pollution - BP25: Publications

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